EN BANC
[G.R. No. 4893. October 1, 1908. ]
THE PASAY ESTATE CO., LTD., Plaintiff, v. THE HONORABLE SIMPLICIO DEL ROSARIO, ET AL., Defendants.
Ortigas & Fisher for plaintiff.
Simplicio del Rosario on his own behalf.
SYLLABUS
1. COURT OF LAND REGISTRATION; WRITS OF POSSESSION. — Section 17 of the Land Registration Act, No. 496, as amended by section 5 of Act No. 1108, requires the Court of Land Registration to issue a writ of possession, not only against the defendants who appear in the proceedings and answer but also against those who, having been served with process, do not appear or answer.
D E C I S I O N
WILLARD, J.:
This is an original action of mandamus in this court. The grantor of the plaintiff, E. H. Warner, obtained a final decree in the Court of Land Registration, by virtue of which he was inscribed as the owner of the Pasay Estate. That judgment was confirmed by this court. (Warner v. 771 Objectors, 5 Phil. Rep., 153.) After the case had been remanded to the Court of Land Registration and a writ of possession had been issued, under which a part only of the property had been delivered to the plaintiff, it made in July, 1908, an application for an alias execution. The court, by an order of July 17, 1908, directed the issue of another writ of possession, but expressly limited its effects to those persons who, being parties in the former proceeding, had appeared therein and opposed the petition. The plaintiff, not being satisfied with a writ so limited, brought this action against the judge of that court and certain defendants in the former proceeding who had been served with process therein but had not appeared nor answered.
Several answers have been filed in this proceeding, among which is one by the judge himself. To that answer the plaintiff has demurred, and the case is now before us for the resolution of this demurrer.
Section 17 of the Land Registration Act (No. 496), as amended by section 5 of Act No. 1108, is in part as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"SEC. 17. The Court of Land Registration, in all matters over which it has jurisdiction, may enforce its orders, judgments, or decrees in the same manner as orders, judgments, and decrees are enforced in the Courts of First Instance, including a writ of possession directing the governor or sheriff of any province or of the city of Manila to place the applicant in possession of the property covered by a decree of the court in his favor; . . ."cralaw virtua1aw library
The theory of the judge who made the order is that this writ of possession can be directed only against those who have been defeated in the suit, and those persons only can be considered as defeated who have appeared and answered and against whom a judgment has been rendered. In effect, the judge says that a person who has been duly served with process in a proceeding in the Land Court, who has failed to appear or answer, and against whom a judgment by default has been entered, can not be said to have been defeated in the suit, and against him no writ of possession can be issued. This theory can not be sustained. The question here has nothing to do with a person who is not duly served with process, but is limited to those persons who, being served with process, have neither appeared nor answered. It is very clear that such persons are just as much defeated in a suit as they would have been if they had appeared, answered, presented their evidence, and finally had a judgment entered against them.
In his answer, the judge moreover says, as to these persons who have not appeared, that the plaintiff has a remedy, by proceeding in a court of the Justice of the peace against them: if they are tenants, for nonpayment of the rent or other breach of the conditions of the lease; or, if they are precarious occupants, for their summary eviction.
But this construction of the law entirely defeats its purpose. It would compel a successful litigant in the Court of Land Registration to commence other actions in other courts for the purpose of securing the fruits of his victory. The evident purpose of the law was to prevent that very thing; and we think it clear, from the language of section 17, above quoted, that the plaintiff is entitled to such a writ of possession as it asked for.
The demurrer is accordingly sustained, and the defendant judge allowed ten days within which to file an amended answer. So ordered.
Arellano, C.J., Torres, Mapa, Carson and Tracey, JJ., concur.
Several answers have been filed in this proceeding, among which is one by the judge himself. To that answer the plaintiff has demurred, and the case is now before us for the resolution of this demurrer.
Section 17 of the Land Registration Act (No. 496), as amended by section 5 of Act No. 1108, is in part as follows:jgc:chanrobles.com.ph
"SEC. 17. The Court of Land Registration, in all matters over which it has jurisdiction, may enforce its orders, judgments, or decrees in the same manner as orders, judgments, and decrees are enforced in the Courts of First Instance, including a writ of possession directing the governor or sheriff of any province or of the city of Manila to place the applicant in possession of the property covered by a decree of the court in his favor; . . ."cralaw virtua1aw library
The theory of the judge who made the order is that this writ of possession can be directed only against those who have been defeated in the suit, and those persons only can be considered as defeated who have appeared and answered and against whom a judgment has been rendered. In effect, the judge says that a person who has been duly served with process in a proceeding in the Land Court, who has failed to appear or answer, and against whom a judgment by default has been entered, can not be said to have been defeated in the suit, and against him no writ of possession can be issued. This theory can not be sustained. The question here has nothing to do with a person who is not duly served with process, but is limited to those persons who, being served with process, have neither appeared nor answered. It is very clear that such persons are just as much defeated in a suit as they would have been if they had appeared, answered, presented their evidence, and finally had a judgment entered against them.
In his answer, the judge moreover says, as to these persons who have not appeared, that the plaintiff has a remedy, by proceeding in a court of the Justice of the peace against them: if they are tenants, for nonpayment of the rent or other breach of the conditions of the lease; or, if they are precarious occupants, for their summary eviction.
But this construction of the law entirely defeats its purpose. It would compel a successful litigant in the Court of Land Registration to commence other actions in other courts for the purpose of securing the fruits of his victory. The evident purpose of the law was to prevent that very thing; and we think it clear, from the language of section 17, above quoted, that the plaintiff is entitled to such a writ of possession as it asked for.
The demurrer is accordingly sustained, and the defendant judge allowed ten days within which to file an amended answer. So ordered.
Arellano, C.J., Torres, Mapa, Carson and Tracey, JJ., concur.
