THIRD DIVISION
G.R. No. 197665, January 13, 2016
P/S INSP. SAMSON B. BELMONTE, SPO1 FERMO R. GALLARDE, PO3 LLOYD F. SORIA, PO1 HOMER D. GENEROSO, PO1 SERGS DC. MACEREN, PO3 AVELINO L. GRAVADOR, PO2 FIDEL O. GUEREJERO, AND PO1 JEROME T. NOCHEFRANCA, JR., Petitioner, v. OFFICE OF THE DEPUTY OMBUDSMAN FOR THE MILITARY AND OTHER LAW ENFORCEMENT OFFICES, OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN, Respondent.
D E C I S I O N
PERALTA, J.:
Before the Court is a Petition for Prohibition with Prayer for the Issuance of a Temporary Restraining Order and/or Writ of Preliminary Injunction under Rule 65 of the Rules of Court seeking to prohibit the Deputy Ombudsman for the Military and Other Law Enforcement Offices from implementing its Decision1 dated May 24, 2011 issued in OMB-P-A-07-1396-L finding petitioners guilty of Grave Misconduct and imposing the penalty of Dismissal from Service, together with its accessory penalties.
The instant case stemmed from a Complaint2 filed by Sandra Uy Matiao against petitioners P/S Insp. Samson B. Belmonte, SPO1 Fermo R. Gallarde, PO3 Lloyd F. Soria, PO1 Homer D. Generoso, PO1 Sergs DC. Maceren, PO3 Avelino L. Gravador, PO2 Fidel O. Guerejero, PO1 Jerome T. Nochefranca, Jr., members of the Regional Traffic Management Office-7 (RTMO-7) as well as P/Supt. Eleuterio N. Gutierrez, Regional Director of the Traffic Management Group Region 7 (TMG-RT). In said Complaint, Sandra alleged that sometime on September 3, 2007 in Dumaguete City, petitioners flagged down her vehicle because the 2007 LTO sticker was not displayed on its windshield. Consequently, petitioners proceeded to seize and impound the subject vehicle without any warrant or existing complaint for theft. Thereafter, Sandra alleged that they asked her if she could shoulder their lodging expenses at the OK Pensionne House and treat them for dinner while an initial macro-etching examination was being conducted on her vehicle. Sandra acceded. While on their way to dinner, however, petitioner Belmonte told Sandra to just settle the problem for three hundred thousand pesos (P300,000.00).3chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
The next day, the macro-etching examination revealed that the engine, chassis and production numbers of Sandra's vehicle were tampered. Because of this, the vehicle was placed under the list of stolen vehicles and was subsequently brought to the PNP-TMG 7 Office in Cebu City under the custody of P/Supt. Gutierrez.
In a demand letter dated September 14, 2007, Sandra requested Gutierrez to release the subject vehicle. Immediately thereafter, she received a phone call from petitioner Belmonte threatening to file criminal charges against her for violations of Republic Act (RA) No. 6539, otherwise known as the Anti-Carnapping Act and Presidential Decree (PD) No. 1612, otherwise known as the Anti-Fencing Law. Despite such threat, Sandra filed a civil case against petitioners for Recovery of Personal Property with Prayer for Issuance of a Writ of Replevin before the RTC of Cebu City. Conversely, petitioners tiled the criminal cases they had previously threatened to file against Sandra before the Prosecutor's Office of Dumaguete City, docketed as I.S. No. 2007-443.4chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
On December 12, 2007, Sandra filed the subject Administrative Complaint for Grave Misconduct and Abuse of Authority against petitioners before the Visayas Office of the Ombudsman. In their Counter-Affidavits, petitioners denied the charges and pleaded, as part of their defense, the findings of Prosecutor May Flor V. Duka on the criminal charges for Anti-Carnapping and Anti-Fencing in her Resolution dated December 14, 2007 which upheld, in their favor, the presumption of regularity in their performance of duty. The Resolution noted that petitioners were on official duty at the time when they apprehended and seized the subject motor vehicle for not bearing the 2007 LTO sticker.
Petitioners also invoked good faith as regards the allegation that their hotel accommodation was paid for by Sandra claiming to be in honest belief that it was P/Supt. Manuel Vicente of the Negros Traffic Management Office (NTMO) who billeted them at the OK Pensionne House at said office's own expense, and without any inkling that it was Sandra who had paid for the same. They further averred that Sandra is guilty of forum shopping due to the fact that she had already filed a civil case for Recovery of Personal Property before the RTC of Cebu City, which contains similar issues with the administrative case except for the allegation of extortion, a mere afterthought.5chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
In her Reply-Affidavit, Sandra denied the forum shopping allegation in stressing that her present cause of action pertains to petitioners' acts of extortion while the civil case for Recovery of Personal Property seeks the recovery of the subject motor vehicle. She also averred that petitioners tried to make it appear that there were irregularities in her vehicle so that they could extort money from her. But when she refused to succumb to their demands, they filed the Anti-Carnapping and Anti-Fencing charges.
On May 24, 2011, the Office of the Ombudsman issued the assailed Decision finding petitioners guilty of Grave Misconduct. It ruled that Sandra presented substantial evidence, such as hotel receipts, to support her allegations that petitioners demanded and received favours from her as consideration for the processing of the macro-etching examination of the subject vehicle. Accordingly, the dispositive portion of the Decision reads:
WHEREFORE, premises considered, respondents P/S INSP. SAMSON B. BELMONTE, SPO3 LLOYD F. SORIA, PO1 FIOMER D. GENEROSO, PO1 JEROME T. NOCHEFRANCA, JR., PO3 AVELINO L. GRAVADOR, SPO2 FERMO R. GALLARDE, PO2 FIDEL O. QUEREJERO, PO1 SERGS DC MACEREN are hereby found GUILTY of Grave Misconduct and are meted out the extreme penalty of Dismissal from the Service, together with its accessory penalties. Respondent P/SUPT. ELEUTERIO N. GUTIERREZ, on the other hand, is hereby exonerated of the instant administrative charges.6chanroblesvirtuallawlibrary
I.
THE DECISION IN OMB-P-A-07-1396-L WAS ISSUED WITH GRAVE ABUSE OF DISCRETION AMOUNTING TO LACK OR EXCESS OF JURISDICTION. IT CLEARLY STEMMED FROM THE MANIFESTLY FALSE CHARGES OF COMPLAINANTS WHO WERE MOTIVATED BY THEIR LUST FOR VENGEANCE OCCASIONED BY THE IMPOUNDMENT OF THEIR MOTOR VEHICLE.chanRoblesvirtualLawlibraryII.
PETITIONERS HAVE NO APPEAL OR ANY OTHER PLAIN, SPEEDY, AND ADEQUATE REMEDY IN THE ORDINARY COURSE OF LAW, BUT THIS PETITION CONSIDERING THAT THE DECISION OF THE OFFICE OF THE OMBUDSMAN IS IMMEDIATELY EXECUTORY.chanRoblesvirtualLawlibraryIII.
THE EXTREME PENALTY OF DISMISSAL FROM THE SERVICE IMPOSED IN THE DECISION IS TOO HARSH. OPPRESSIVE AND EXCESSIVE. IT ARBITRARILY AND UNJUSTLY STRIPPED PETITIONERS OF THEIR GAINFUL EMPLOYMENT, PROFESSION, TRADE OR CALLING, A PROPERTY RIGHT WITHIN THE CONSTITUTIONAL GUARANTEE OF DUE PROCESS.
WHEREFORE, premises considered, it is respectfully recommended thai the Decision dated 24 May 2011. be RECONSIDERED and MODIFIED. Accordingly, this Office finds respondents P/S INSP. SAMSON B. BELMONTE, SPO2 FERMO R. GALLARDE, SPO3 LLOYD F. SORIA, PO1 HOMER D. GENEROSO, PO1 SERGS DC MACEREN, PO3 AVELINO L. GRAVADOR, PO2 FIDEL O. QUEREJERO and PO1 JEROME T. NOCIIIiFRANCA, JR., guilty of Conduct Prejudicial to the Best Interest of the Service and are hereby meted the penalty of suspension from office for a period of Six (6) months and (1) day without pay. If the penalty of suspension can no longer be served by reason of retirement or resignation, the alternative penalty of FINE equivalent to the SIX (6) MONTHS and ONE (1) DAY salary of the respondents shall be imposed, and shall be deducted from their retirement or separation benefits.
As to the dismissal of the administrative complaint against respondent P/SUPT. ELEUTERIO N. GUTIERREZ, the same is hereby AFFIRMED.8chanrobleslaw
Sec. 2. Petition for Prohibition. - When the proceedings of any tribunal, corporation, board, officer or person, whether exercising judicial, quasi-judicial or ministerial functions, are without or in excess of its jurisdiction, or with grave abuse of discretion amounting to lack or excess of jurisdiction, and there is no appeal or any other plain, speedy, and adequate remedy in the ordinary course of law, a person aggrieved thereby may file a verified petition in the proper court, alleging the facts with certainty and praying that judgment be rendered commanding the respondent to desist from further proceedings in the action or matter specified therein, or otherwise granting such incidental reliefs as law and justice may require.9chanrobleslaw
Section 8. Motion for reconsideration or reinvestigation: Grounds - Whenever allowable, a motion for reconsideration or reinvestigation may only be entertained if filed within ten (10) days from receipt of the decision or order by the party on the basis of any of the following grounds:ChanRoblesVirtualawlibrarya) New evidence had been discovered which materially affects the order, directive or decision;Only one motion for reconsideration or reinvestigation shall be allowed, and the Hearing Officer shall resolve the same within five (5) days from the date of submission for resolution.
b) Grave errors of facts or laws or serious irregularities have been committed prejudicial to the interest of the movant.
The nature of appealable decisions of the Ombudsman was, in fact, settled in Ombudsman v. Samaniego, where it was held that such are immediately executory pending appeal and may not be stayed by the filing of an appeal or the issuance of an injunctive writ.
x x x x
Thus, petitioner Villasenor's filing of a motion for reconsideration does not stay the immediate implementation of the Ombudsman's order of dismissal, considering that "a decision of the Office of the Ombudsman in administrative cases shall be executed as a matter of course" under Section 7.
x x x x
The Ombudsman did not, therefore, err in implementing the orders of suspension of one year and dismissal from the service against the petitioners.
The Rules of Procedure of the Office of the Ombudsman arc procedural in nature and, therefore, may be applied retroactively to petitioners' cases which were pending and unresolved at the time of the passing of A.O. No. 17. No vested right is violated by the application of Section 7 because the respondent in the administrative case is considered preventively suspended while his case is on appeal and, in the event he wins on appeal, he shall be paid the salary and such other emoluments that he did not receive by reason of the suspension or removal. It is important to note that there is no such thing as a vested interest in an office, or even an absolute right to hold office. Excepting constitutional offices which provide for special immunity as regards salary and tenure, no one can be said to have any vested right in an office.14
Even in the absence of such provision, the petition is also dismissible because it simply ignored the doctrine of hierarchy of courts. True, the Court, the CA and the RTC have original concurrent jurisdiction to issue writs of certiorari, prohibition and mandamus. The concurrence of jurisdiction, however, does not grant the party seeking any of the extraordinary writs the absolute freedom to file a petition in any court of his choice. The petitioner has not advanced any special or important reason which would allow a direct resort to this Court. Under the Rules of Court, a party may directly appeal to this Court only on pure questions of law. In the case at bench, there are certainly factual issues as Vivas is questioning the findings of the investigating team.
Strict observance of the policy of judicial hierarchy demands that where the issuance of the extraordinary writs is also within the competence of the CA or the RTC, the special action for the obtainment of such writ must be presented to either court. As a rule, the Court will not entertain direct resort to it unless the redress desired cannot be obtained in the appropriate lower courts; or where exceptional and compelling circumstances, such as cases of national interest and with serious implications, justify the availment of the extraordinary remedy of writ of certiorari, prohibition, or mandamus calling for the exercise of its primary jurisdiction. The judicial policy must be observed to prevent an imposition on the precious time and attention of the Court.16chanrobleslaw
Endnotes:
* Designated Additional Member in lieu of Associate Justice Francis H. Jardeleza, per Raffle dated October 27, 2014.
1 Penned by Graft Investigation & Prosecution Officer Yvette Marie S. Evaristo, with Director Dennis L. Garcia, concurring; rollo, pp. 21-26.
2 Id. at 47-51.
3 Id. at 21-22.
4 Id. at 22.
5 Id. at 22-23.
6 Id. at 25.
7 Id. at 152-157.
8 Id. at 155-156.
9Emphasis supplied.
10Monies v. Cowl of Appeals, 523 Phil. 98, 107 (2006), citiim Longino v. General, 491 Phil. 600, 616(2005).
11 Office of the Ombudsman v. Magno, 592 Phil. 636, 652 (2008), citing Suliguin v. COMELEC, 520 Phil. 92, 107 (2006), and Natalia Really, Inc. v. Cowl of Appeals, 440 Phil. 1, 20-21 (2002).
12Badiola v. Court of Appeals, 575 Phil. 514, 531 (2008), citing San Miguel Corporation v. Court of Appeals, 425 Phil. 951, 956 (2002).
13 G.R. No. 202303, June 4, 2014, citing Ombudsman v. Samaniego, 646 Phil. 445, 449 (2010).
14 Villasehor v. Ombudsman, supra, citing Facura v. CA, 658 Phil. 554, 579-580 (2011), citing Ombudsman v. Samaniego, supra note 13. citing In the Mailer to Declare in Contempt of Court Hon. Simeon A. Datumanong, Secretary of the DPWH, 529 Phil. 619, 630-63 1 (2006). (Emphasis ours)
15 G.R. No. 191424, August 7, 2013.
16 Vivas v. The Monetary Board of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, G.R. No. 191424, August 7, 2013, 703 SCRA 290, 304, Philippine Veterans Bank v. Benjamin Manillas, 573 Phil. 298, 315 (2008), and Springfield Development Corp., Inc. v. Hon. Presiding Judge of RTC, Branch 40, Cagayan de Oro City, Misamis Oriental, 543 Phil. 298, 315 (2007). (Emphasis ours)
17 Montes v. Court of Appeals, supra note 10, citing Gonzales v. Nan-asa, 392 Phil. 5 18, 523 (2000).
18Vivas v. The Monetary Board of the Bangko Sentral ng Pilipinas, supra note 16, citing Guerrero v. Domingo, 646 Phil. 175, 179 (2011), Cabanero v. Torres, 61 Phil. 522 (1935), Agustin v. De la Fuente, 84 Phil. 525 (1949), Navarro v. Lardizabal, 134 Phil. 331 (1968), Heirs of Eugenia V. Roxas, Inc. v. Intermediate Appellate Court, 255 Phil. 558 (1989).